Manufacturing

Validating the sterilization process is extremely important in pharmaceutical manufacturing. The authors explore different types of sterilization processes and discuss the importance of finding the worst-case positions of loads or equipment to be sterilized and the worst-case conditions for each sterilization cycle. Biological indicators (BIs) can be used to simulate worst-case scenarios and determine the effectiveness of a particular sterilization process.

Pre-use integrity testing of sterilizing-grade filters eliminates the potential adverse effects of filter loading on the integrity-test results, allowing unambiguous correlation with the integrity-test specification established during filter-validation studies.

A biological indicator (BI) measures the effectiveness of the sterilization process to which it is subjected. Factors such as the test organism, the packaging, the culture material, and the test system all influence a BI's resistance. Carrier material is an often-overlooked factor that also influences BI resistance. The authors examine various solid and liquid carriers, describe their properties, and investigate how they influence BI resistance.

The author clarifies the definition and objectives of overkill sterilization for steam sterilization cycles. Current sterilization practices are reviewed and the validation difficulties associated with the various definitions of overkill sterilization are explored.

Aseptic processing has advanced over the past several decades, yet the pharmaceutical industry is still accepting of its limitations, particularly as it relates to human intervention as a source of contamination. The authors explain the importance of further diminishing the role of operators in aseptic processing and the approaches and technologies needed to achieve that goal.

A roundup of company moves and positioning from the pharmaceutical industry and biotechnology industries and contract service providers.

Basel, Switzerland (Apr. 26)-Roche outlined advances it is production strategy for "Tamiflu" (oseltamivir) for treating the H5N1 avian influenza virus.

London (Apr. 23)-AstraZeneca PLC agreed to acquire MedImmune, Inc. for approximately $15.6 billion. The deal is expected to close in June 2007.

New York (Apr. 26)-Bristol-Myers Squibb Company and Pfizer, Inc. entered into a collaborative agreement for the development and commercialization of apixaban, an anticoagulant that BMS discovered.

Interphex2007, New York, NY (Apr. 26)-Robustness studies for analytical methods are critical in being able to provide the assurance to the quality of an analytical method, a topic addressed in a conference session, "Performing Analytical Method Validation Robustness for Regulatory Compliance," at Interphex on Thursday.

Interphex2007, New York, NY (Apr. 26)-Maintaining reliable equipment in pharmaceutical manufacturing operations is critical not only for achieving productivity goals and safety, it also is a prerequiste for moving operations to a lean-manufacturing environment.

Interphex2007, New York, NY (Apr. 26)-As focus shifts away from "one-size-fits-all" medicines and begins centering on personalized medicines, many companies begin to wonder how they can manufacture such drugs economically. Mark Hirschel, chief scientific officer of BioVest International, addressed that issue in his presentation, "A Bioreactor System Designed for Production of Personalized Therapeutics," at Interphex on Thursday.

Interphex2007, New York, NY (Apr. 26)-Counterfeit medicines are of increasing concern to the pharmaceutical industry, both because of the potential health risks to patients and because of the effects on pharmaceutical companies' businesses. While technology such as e-pedigree and radio frequency identification (RFID) represent solutions to secure the supply chain, there are challenges.

Interphex2007, New York, NY (Apr. 25)-As manufacturers prepare for processing more-potent compounds, they seek effective clean-in-place (CIP) and wash-in-place (WIP) design systems.

Interphex2007, New York, NY (Apr. 25)-One of the challenges facing pharmaceutical manufacturers is how to implement process analytical technology (PAT) into their commercial manufacturing processes. Michael Abad, engineering section manager, Abbott Laboratories shared insight from a project within Abbott in his presentation "Engineering for PAT" at Interphex today.

Interphex2007, New York, NY (Apr. 25)-As governments begin to contemplate the possibility of biological terrorism or a pandemic event, a new problem begins to emerge: in the case of a pandemic or an attack, even if a vaccine or treatment exists, how could it be produced in sufficient numbers to prevent the deaths of millions of people? That question was addressed in at the conference session, "Responding to Bioterrorism and Pandemic Events: A Case for Development of Flexible Manufacturing Space for Vaccine Production," at Interphex today.

Interphex, New York, NY (Apr. 25)-Problems caused by the presence and movement of air in pharmaceutical powders are increasing, and many times these problems can be avoided. James K. Prescott, senior consultant at Jenike & Johanson reviewed these problems in his presentation, "Interstitial Air Effect on Powder Flow," at the Wednesday conference session at Interphex.

Interphex, New York, NY (Apr. 24)-Compared with other industries such as the automotive industry, the pharmaceutical industry has been slow to adopt lean manufacturing. This situation, however, is changing.

Lyon, France (Apr. 17)-Sanofi Pasteur, the vaccine division of the Sanofi-Aventis Group, announced that the US Food and Drug Administration has licensed its H5N1 vaccine, making it the first avian-influenza vaccine for humans in the United States.

Billerica, MA (Apr. 13)-Millipore Corporation has become the first company to integrate radio frequency identification (RFID) technology with the filtration products used to manufacture biopharmaceutical drugs.

Toronto (Apr. 17)-Patheon, Inc. plans to restructure its current network of six pharmaceutical manufacturing facilities in southern Ontario, Canada as part of its strategy to focus on manufacturing prescription pharmaceutical products and to improve its profitability.

Chalfont St. Giles, UK (Apr. 16)-GE Healthcare, a unit of General Electric, acquired Wave Biotech LLC, a supplier of disposable manufacturing technologies and processing equipment for the biopharmaceutical industry.

Rockville, MD (Apr. 5)-The US Food and Drug Administration concluded its reinspection of Wyeth?s manufacturing facility in Guayama, Puerto Rico. Conditions at the Guayama facility prompted a Warning Letter in May 2006.

Washington, DC (Apr. 5)-The Pharmaceutical Research and Manufacturers of America joined the debate on follow-on biologics when senior vice-president Caroline Loew issued a statement recommending caution.

London (Mar. 29)-GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) plans to invest EUR 250 million ($334 million) at its production site at Currabinny, County Cork, Ireland over the next five years, according to a release issued by the Irish Development Agency (IDA Ireland, Dublin).

Washington, DC (Apr. 3)-The Synthetic Organic Chemical Manufacturers Association (SOCMA) adopted a policy on Inherently Safer Technology (IST) at its March meeting.

Singapore (Mar. 29)-The contract manufacturing organization Lonza Group (Basel, Switzerland) and Bio*One Capital (Singapore) broke ground for their large-scale commercial mammalian cell-culture manufacturing facility at Tuas Biomedical Park in Singapore.

Thousand Oaks, CA (Apr. 3)-Amgen, Inc. has provided a new schedule for the completion of a new manufacturing facility in County Cork, Ireland.

Washington, DC (Apr. 2)-The US Department of Homeland Security released an interim final rule that imposes federal security regulations for high-risk chemical facilities.

Alternatives to batch processing finally are starting to be taken seriously by pharmaceutical manufacturers, but the implemention of continuous processing is still in its infancy, and many challenges remain.