Manufacturing

Generally, tablet and capsule film coatings are applied as aqueous or organic-based polymer solutions or dispersions, graduate student Sagarika Bose (University of Connecticut) explained during her Tuesday AAPS Graduate Student Symposium presentation, "Development and Evaluation of Solventless Photocurable Pharmaceutical Film Coating." However, organic film coatings can be flammable, toxic, and must comply with strict environmental regulations. Aqueous film coating can lead to the degradation of certain drugs by heat and water.

"The better we understand the relationship between process parameters and product attributes, the better control we'll have over product quality," said Beth Fowler, PhD, during Tuesday?s session on process monitoring at the AAPS Annual Meeting.

At the plenary session at the AAPS Annual Meeting, two researchers presented studies targeting completely different areas of stem cell research, but their work focused on the same ultimate goal: finding new therapies.

Pressures to save API are driving formulation developers toward smaller-scale laboratory processes, while pressures to save time put a premium on more- accurate laboratory scale tools.

"In my experience, you can generally tell where a person stands on the issue by the example he gives," said Art Mlodozeniec, PhD, a panelist at the Nov. 7 roundtable on follow-on biologics at the AAPS Annual Meeting in Nashville, Tennessee. "If he brings up human growth hormone and says the processes and impurities are easy to control, he's from the generic industry and supports approval for follow-on biologics. If he brings up the challenge of of erythropoeitin, he's from the innovator industry and opposes generics."

When it comes to developing a robust lyophilization process, formulators can "pay now or pay later," says Jeff Schwegman, PhD, founder and chief scientific officer for BioConvergence. Because 30% of new drugs in clinical trials are biotech-based therapeutics (compared with 7% 10 years ago), more than ever, the US Food and Drug Administration is paying close attention to lyophilization data and questioning pharmaceutical companies about their development cycles, especially cycle development transfer, shelf-temperature mapping, dryer-to-dryer comparison studies, formulation time, process validation, and cycle deviation. Consequently, this is pushing formulators to optimize formulation variables, conduct additional testing during early-stage development, and understanding critical process parameters, equipment qualifications, and manufacturing conditions that can influence formulation behavior at a large scale. Not taking the time or effort to achieve these goals during early development could lead to redundancies in formulation work - a reality observed too often in today's practices.

Thermo Electron (Waltham, MA, www.thermo.com) debuted the "LCQUAN 2.5" data-acquisition system at the AAPS Annual Meeting and Exposition on Monday. The new system expands the software offerings for the company's "Finnigan TSQ Quantum" series of triple quadrupole mass spectrometers.

"We must add our light to the sum of lights," declared Ron Reagan in his Nov. 6 keynote address to the 2005 Annual Meeting of the American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists. He was quoting Billy Kwan, the half-Indonesian, half-Australian photojournalist of divided loyalties in the 1982 film, "The Year of Living Dangerously," a character who redeems himself by taking bold action in the face of moral crisis. Reagan encouraged the audience to take similar action to defend science, which he said is currently subordinated to political convenience.

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The authors present a new approach to risk assessment for aseptic processing that emphasizes the contributions of personnel.

The authors focus on the effects of cellulosic materials during the performance qualification validation of a transfer barrier isolator used for the purpose of sterility testing.

Making active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) requires long chains of chemical reactions and large quantities of solvents. Ask API manufacturers how they'd like to improve this process, and the responses are likely to be "make the reactions faster," "make the reactions cheaper," or "make the reactions more efficient." Then after all these economically driven answers, you might here, "make the reactions more environmentally friendly."

The common crystal form of ibuprofen was changed to optimize processing and manufacturing properties. Six modified crystal forms were prepared and assessed for dissolution, morphology, particle size, density, thermal characteristics, powder x-ray diffractometry, flow properties, and tabletability.

To implement process analytical technology systems into the current information technology landscape, manufacturers will need to adopt continuously available systems and infrastructures.

The EU ATEX Directive 1999/92/EC (ATEX 137) regarding the minimum requirements to protect the health and safety of workers potentially at risk from explosive atmospheres came into European law in January 2000. In the UK, the ATEX 137 Directive has been implemented as part of the Dangerous Substances and Explosive Atmospheres Regulations (DSEARs), which were issued in December 2002.

Process industries are faced with increasing demands for product safety, improved quality, efficiency and profitability. The chemical, pharma and cosmetic industries are no exception.

Virtual labels eliminate the need for troublesome transfer ribbons or inkjet fluids, which are inherent with traditional labelling technologies.

Performing studies to mathematically 'correlate' swab and rinse sampling values does not add any value. What's more, do not expect them to mathematically correlate.

A range of insect exterminator equipment has been developed to improve the level of hygiene offered to the pharmaceutical and chemical manufacturing sectors. Berson's Insectron range uses ultraviolet (UV-A) and green light to attract flying insects, which are sensitive to these light sources.

Sigma-Aldrich Fine Chemicals (SAFC) has set up a new business division called SAFC Biosciences to encompass its biopharmaceutical development and cell culture-related manufacturing services.

Biomanufacturing managers believe the current lack of adequately trained personnel is one of the most serious problems facing the biomanufacturing industry.

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New 620 series pumps provide exceptional levels of performance, accuracy and output for biopharm manufacturers requiring low shear, hygienic fluid handling, with minimal downtime and long term cost savings. Flow rates are up to 18 litre/min and range features a choice of drives, two levels of PIN process protection and minimal downtime.

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Formulation residue, observer viewing distance, light intensity, viewing angle, observer viewing position, and observer-to-observer variability affect the ability to confirm the cleanliness of manufacturing equipment.