Pharmaceutical Technology Editors

Roche (Basel, Switzerland, www.roche.com) has put a temporary halt on the distribution of the antiviral treatment, "Tamiflu" (oseltamivir phosphate), a neuraminidase inhibitor, to the United States in an effort to deter companies from stockpiling the antiviral for employee use, according to an article in the Oct. 27 edition of The New York Times.

With the prospect of a possible pandemic the Swiss company, Roche, has found sales of its flu drug have rapidly increased but its patent is being questioned. Roche's Tamiflu sales have inflated by 263% in the first 9 months of this year but discussions of patent suspension from several countries and United Nations Secretary General Kofi Annan is pressurizing the company.

The introduction of new measures on advertising and promotional materials for prescription medicines could delay UK launches. The Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) has admitted that the checks, which have been introduced in response to a Commons' Health Select Committee report, could extend a launch by at least 2 weeks.

The monopoly held by the large pharmaceutical companies within drug discovery could be falling into the hands of biotechnology firms claims Frost and Sullivan. The consultancy company's report, Biochips Technology Redefines Process of Drug Discovery, states that biochip manufacturers are encouraging end users to accept the new technology by providing novel and effective solutions.

OTC Eye-Drop Maker Signs Consent Decree

Merck to Close Plants, Slash Jobs, Streamline Manufacturing

American Pharmaceutical Partners to Merge with American BioScience

GSK Study Questions Bioequivalency of Generic Cold Sore Creams

Pfizer to Shut Parsippany Plant

Adjuvant for HPV Vaccine Enhances Immune Response Levels

Chiron Looks to Flu Vaccine Cell Culture; FDA Gears Up

Continuous manufacturing processes?little used in the pharmaceutical industry but the norm in oil, food, chemical, and polymer manufacturing?go hand-in-hand with the current emphasis on quality-by-design and automated process monitoring and control (aka, process analytical technology, PAT).

The process analytical technology (PAT) initiative has been percolating at the US Food and Drug Administration for a long time, explained FDA's John E. Simmons at the AAPS Annual Meeting and Exposition on Wednesday. "If you think of PAT as an isolated set of applications, I think you are missing the point," Simmons said. "The FDA would like PAT to become commonplace?not to be an initiative, but common practice."

This week, the US Food and Drug Administration posted an Oct. 20 Warning Letter (http://www.fda.gov/foi/warning_letters/g5567d.htm) sent by its Minneapolis, MN district office to Diversified Manufacturing Corporation (Newport, MN).

CDER 2005 Product Approval Totals Proposed CDER Reorganization

Formulators currently face numerous challenges in nanosuspension development in terms of ensuring safety, efficacy, and stability. Presenters at Wednesday's AAPS symposium offered strategies for addressing these challenges, including setting meaningful particle-size specifications, selecting the method to measure particles in nanosuspensions (especially for nonspherical particles), gaining a meaningful particle-size distribution, and determining the particle size from such distributions.

As a pharmaceutical formulation tool, molecular simulation is currently in its early infancy. Nonetheless, presenters at Wednesday?s AAPS Annual Meeting and Exposition demonstrated that the technology is beginning to attract some interest. The topic was discussed in a presentation titled "Application of Molecular Simulations to Formulation Development and Stability Prediction."

Control Development's (South Bend, IN, www.controldevelopment.com) blend uniformity and dryer monitor consists of a NIR spectrometer, a sampling head, computer, and software.

After outlining the results of extensive studies on drug-silicate interactions, Robin H. Bogner, PhD, concluded, "We're just scratching the surface." She might have added, "pardon the pun": the effect of silicates' heterogeneous surface chemistry is one of the points of study.

Artium Technologies' (Sunnyvale, CA, www.artium.com) new diode-pumped phase Doppler interferometry systems use solid-state lasers incorporated into transmitting optics, eliminating losses that can result from fiber coupling, alignment, and degradation. According to Atrium, the advantage of this approach to optical design is improved precision and a larger dynamic range, with higher resolution over the entire range.

In the spirit that a good review of the fundamentals is always beneficial, the American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists' Annual Meeting and Exposition featured an early morning discussion about the basic aspects of dissolution testing, including common sources of errors and deviations. The well-attended session proved that dissolution testing remains a topic of interest, especially as the industry continues to extend its application to media other than solid dosage forms, most notably soft gels.

The International Organization for Standardization (ISO, www.iso.org) has approved the use of the photometric method for liquid delivery performance verification. Artel (Westbrook, ME, www.artel-usa.com), a manufacturer of precision testing and calibration systems for liquid handling instruments, uses the photometric method to calibrate pipettes and automated liquid handlers.

Extending the life cycle of a drug product has paved the way for "the new pharmaceutical industry" according a Tuesday AAPS Annual Meeting session, "Formulation Approaches to Life Cycle Management."

Generally, tablet and capsule film coatings are applied as aqueous or organic-based polymer solutions or dispersions, graduate student Sagarika Bose (University of Connecticut) explained during her Tuesday AAPS Graduate Student Symposium presentation, "Development and Evaluation of Solventless Photocurable Pharmaceutical Film Coating." However, organic film coatings can be flammable, toxic, and must comply with strict environmental regulations. Aqueous film coating can lead to the degradation of certain drugs by heat and water.

"The better we understand the relationship between process parameters and product attributes, the better control we'll have over product quality," said Beth Fowler, PhD, during Tuesday?s session on process monitoring at the AAPS Annual Meeting.

At the plenary session at the AAPS Annual Meeting, two researchers presented studies targeting completely different areas of stem cell research, but their work focused on the same ultimate goal: finding new therapies.

Pressures to save API are driving formulation developers toward smaller-scale laboratory processes, while pressures to save time put a premium on more- accurate laboratory scale tools.

"In my experience, you can generally tell where a person stands on the issue by the example he gives," said Art Mlodozeniec, PhD, a panelist at the Nov. 7 roundtable on follow-on biologics at the AAPS Annual Meeting in Nashville, Tennessee. "If he brings up human growth hormone and says the processes and impurities are easy to control, he's from the generic industry and supports approval for follow-on biologics. If he brings up the challenge of of erythropoeitin, he's from the innovator industry and opposes generics."

Contract services providers gained a valuable look into major market conditions, offshoring trends, and 2006 growth opportunities during a morning presentation entitled "CMC Sourcing in transition: Consolidation, Offshoring, and the Market Outlook," presented by Jim Miller. Miller is president of PharmSource (Springfield, VA, www.pharmsource.com), publisher of the Bio/Pharmaceutical Outsourcing , and contributing editor of Pharmaceutical Technology.

Thermo Electron (Waltham, MA, www.thermo.com) debuted the "LCQUAN 2.5" data-acquisition system at the AAPS Annual Meeting and Exposition on Monday. The new system expands the software offerings for the company's "Finnigan TSQ Quantum" series of triple quadrupole mass spectrometers.